Dietary supplementation with Adiantum capillus-veneris and Ferula gummosa enhanced antioxidant status and innate immune responses in Rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss)

Mousavi, Shalaleh; Ebrahimi, Pouya; Shohreh, Poulin

doi:10.22034/cjvs.2026.579622.1061

Dietary supplementation with Adiantum capillus-veneris and Ferula gummosa enhanced antioxidant status and innate immune responses in Rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Shalaleh Mousavi ¹

Pouya Ebrahimi ²

Poulin Shohreh ³

¹ Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

² Department of Aquaculture, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran.

³ Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.

10.22034/cjvs.2026.579622.1061

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Adiantum capillus-veneris and Ferula gummosa and a mixture of them on antioxidant status and innate immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with initial weight of 20.2 ± 0.01 g were fed experimental diets containing plant powders individually and in combination for 8 weeks. Results indicated significant improvements in antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), No significant difference was seen in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in treatments (p > 0.05). Innate immune indices namely lysozyme activity, complement activity (ACH50), as well as serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) were significantly enhanced, particularly in the combined treatment group (p ˂ 0.05). Administration a mixture of 0.5% A. capillus-veneris and 0.5% F. gummosa showed a synergistic effect between antioxidant-rich and immunostimulatory phytochemicals, highlighting their potential as natural alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture.

Keywords

Adiantum capillus-veneris

Antioxidative status

Ferula gummosa

Immunity

Subjects